Services, networking, architecture patterns
Virtual servers. Instance types: t3 (burst), m5 (general), c5 (compute), r5 (memory)
Serverless functions. 15 min max, 10GB RAM. Pay per invocation+duration
Container orchestration. ECS = EC2-backed, Fargate = serverless containers
Managed Kubernetes. Control plane managed by AWS
Object storage. 11 9's durability. Tiers: Standard, IA, Glacier, Deep Archive
Block storage for EC2. gp3 (SSD), io2 (high IOPS), st1 (throughput HDD)
Managed NFS. Shared across AZs. Auto-scaling
Managed Redis/Memcached. Sub-ms latency
Managed SQL: PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle, SQL Server
Cloud-native SQL. 5× MySQL / 3× PostgreSQL performance. Auto-scales
Serverless NoSQL. Single-digit ms latency. Key-value + document
Virtual network. Subnets (public/private), route tables, NACLs
ALB: HTTP/HTTPS (L7). NLB: TCP/UDP (L4). Target groups
CDN. Edge locations worldwide. Cache static + dynamic content
DNS. Routing policies: simple, weighted, latency, failover, geolocation
Message queue. Standard (at-least-once) / FIFO (exactly-once). 14 day retention
Pub/sub notifications. Fan-out to SQS, Lambda, HTTP, email
Serverless event bus. Schema registry. 300+ AWS sources
Workflow orchestration. State machines. Visual designer
Infrastructure as Code. JSON/YAML templates. Stacks, change sets
CI/CD pipeline. Source → Build → Deploy stages
Monitoring + logging. Metrics, alarms, dashboards, log groups
Identity & access. Users, roles, policies. Principle of least privilege